Counterfeit, cloned and secretly refurbished phones are common in many markets. They may look identical to the real thing but have weaker hardware, fake storage, poor batteries and no security updates. Stolen phones can also be blocked by networks after you buy them. Here is how to protect yourself.
Fake, refurbished and used: the difference
- Fake or clone: made to look like a branded phone but built by someone else with cheaper parts and modified software
- Refurbished: a used or returned phone repaired and restored. Official refurbished phones from the manufacturer or reputable sellers can be good value; the problem is when a refurbished phone is sold as new
- Used: previously owned; fine if priced fairly and legally obtained
1. Check the IMEI number
The IMEI is a unique 15-digit identifier for each phone.
- Dial *#06# to display it
- Compare it with the number on the box and in Settings, under About phone
- Use the manufacturer’s official warranty or IMEI check website to confirm the model, colour and warranty status
- Where available, use your country’s regulator or operator service to check whether the IMEI is blacklisted as stolen
If numbers do not match, or the check shows a different model, walk away.
2. Check the software
- Look at Settings > About phone for the model number, storage and Android or iOS version
- Fakes often show inflated storage that fails when you fill it
- Check that the official app store works and the phone can install system updates
- For iPhones, check the model and serial number in Settings and Apple’s coverage checker
- Use reputable hardware information apps to compare reported specifications
3. Inspect the hardware
- Compare weight, buttons, ports and camera layout with official photos
- Look for uneven gaps, loose parts, misspelled logos and poor print quality on the box
- Check the screen for dead pixels, discoloured patches or ghosting
- Test all cameras, speakers, microphone, fingerprint sensor and charging port
4. Check the battery
Some phones show battery health in settings. Watch for fast drain or heat during a short test. A swollen battery is dangerous; reject the phone. Learn more in How to Make Your Smartphone Battery Last Longer.
5. Ensure accounts are removed
Used phones must be signed out of the previous owner’s Google or Apple account. Otherwise activation lock or factory reset protection can lock you out after a reset.
Safe buying tips
- Buy from authorised dealers or reputable retailers with physical addresses
- Be wary of prices far below market value
- Insist on a receipt showing the IMEI, and a warranty
- Meet sellers in safe public places and test before paying
- Avoid sending payment in advance to unknown online sellers; see online scam warning signs
Choosing a new phone? Read our complete smartphone buying guide.
